A 401(k) is the primary retirement-savings vehicle for many Americans.
But despite the 401(k)’s importance, the average participant’s only investment strategy is to plow money into the accounts – then do nothing. They rarely if ever make changes to the investment selections their plans offer.
“I’ve known people who had the money in the same fund for 20 years,” says Craig Wear (www.My401kInvesting.com), a Certified Financial Planner™ and founder of Q3 Advisors and Game Plan Advisors. “That strategy doesn’t usually yield good returns.”
What makes people so passive about how they manage their accounts?
“I think they are overwhelmed with all the options available to them,” Wear says. “Also, regulatory rules sometimes make it difficult for their financial advisors to provide them with much help. So they pick two or three investment options that their plans offer and stick with those decisions.”
Getting both financial advisors and plan participants more actively involved in managing the accounts has become a pet project for Wear. He recently launched Active401k, a service that enables any advisor to position him or herself as the go-to person for protecting and growing the 401(k) part of a client’s net worth.
The system also is designed to provide 401(k) participants with non-discretionary investment advice to help them make more informed investment choices within their plan with guidance from a professional investment advisor.
Wear says finding a way to loop financial advisors into the process is critical.
“Less than 7 percent of 401(k) participants made changes to their investments last year,” says Wear, citing a research report by the Investment Company Institute. “That indicates there’s a need for financial advice.”
Specific financial advice varies depending on an individual’s situation. But Wear says there is general advice that could apply to just about anyone with money stashed away in a 401(k), including:
• Take full advantage of company matches. Many companies will match employee contributions up to a certain percentage. That’s essentially free money. Yet many employees don’t maximize their contributions to make sure they get the full company match.
• Don’t let a 401(k) be your only retirement investment. “If you put all your savings in a 401(k), that doesn’t leave you many tax-planning options after retirement,” Wear says. You will be taxed when you begin to withdraw the money because taxes were deferred on income you contributed to the account. It might be wise to put some of your savings in an account that won’t be taxed when you retire.
• Take control of your accounts. Many people aren’t happy with their 401(k) plan’s investment options, service levels or performance, but they don’t think they can do anything about it. While it’s true that normally you can’t get your money unless you change employers or retire, there may be an alternative.
Many employers have adopted rules that allow employees to withdraw a significant amount while they are still employed and contributing. That money can be rolled over to a self-directed IRA where there would be greater control and more investment options, Wear says.
“Your ability to retire is highly influenced by your investment performance over time,” Wear says. “That’s why it’s not a good idea to take a passive approach to your 401(k).”
Craig Wear (www.My401kInvesting.com) is a Certified Financial Planner™ and founder of Q3 Advisors and Game Plan Advisors. He has more than 30 years experience in financial planning, and recently launched Active401k, which helps both financial advisors and 401(k) participants become more active in managing 401(k) accounts.
